Cómo afrontar el desafío de la gestión de recursos humanos de los trabajadores mayores: un modelo integrado basado en la evidencia

Premio «Estudios Financieros» 2019 en la modalidad de Recursos Humanos

El progresivo envejecimiento de la población tiene como una de sus consecuencias la necesidad de mantener en el mercado laboral a los trabajadores mayores y prolongar su vida profesional. Los responsables de recursos humanos se enfrentan al desafío de gestionar la edad, tanto en la retención y desarrollo de los empleados mayores, como en los procesos implicados en las relaciones intergeneracionales. Las prácticas universalistas de gestión de recursos humanos pueden resultar inadecuadas para afrontar la creciente diversidad por edad, al no considerar las diferencias en estados, necesidades, motivación y metas profesionales de los empleados. Al mismo tiempo, la utilización de la edad cronológica como único criterio para tomar decisiones se ha revelado insuficiente, puesto que la edad subjetiva y las percepciones acerca de la capacidad de trabajo resultan predictores más fiables de la actividad laboral. Con objeto de dar respuesta al desafío de la gestión de la edad en las organizaciones, el objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un modelo integrado de gestión de recursos humanos basado en la evidencia dirigido a los trabajadores mayores, así como ofrecer una perspectiva de la evolución temporal y las trayectorias en las etapas medias y finales de la carrera y las correspondientes prácticas de gestión de recursos humanos que serían más adecuadas a corto, medio y largo plazo. Palabras clave: trabajadores mayores; gestión de recursos humanos; carrera profesional media y tardía; empleo puente; gestión basada en la evidencia.

Palabras clave: trabajadores mayores; gestión de recursos humanos; carrera profesional media y tardía; empleo puente; gestión basada en la evidencia.

Carlos María Alcover
Catedrático de Psicología de los Grupos y las Organizaciones.
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
 

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RTSS. CEF. NÚMS. 437-438 (agosto-septiembre 2019)

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